ENCODING UTF-8 # Phonetic alphabet # # Samuel Thibault # # This is based on the ICEB Braille IPA Draft Table, Nov. 3, 2005 NAME "Phonetic alphabet" "Alphabet phonétique" # Typographic Description IPA No Articulatory Description # consonants UCS-CHAR p ⠏ # lowercase p 101 voiceless bilabial plosive UCS-CHAR b ⠃ # lowercase b 102 voiced bilabial plosive UCS-CHAR t ⠞ # lowercase t 103 voiceless alveolar plosive UCS-CHAR d ⠙ # lowercase d 104 voiced alveolar plosive UCS-CHAR ʈ ⠲⠞ # right-tail t 105 voiceless retroflex plosive UCS-CHAR ɖ ⠲⠙ # right-tail d 106 voiced retroflex plosive UCS-CHAR c ⠉ # lowercase c 107 voiceless palatal plosive UCS-CHAR ɟ ⠔⠚ # barred dotless j 108 voiced palatal plosive UCS-CHAR k ⠅ # lowercase k 109 voiceless velar plosive UCS-CHAR ɡ ⠛ # lowercase script g 110 voiced velar plosive UCS-CHAR g ⠛ # lowercase g 110 voiced velar plosive (alt. glyph) UCS-CHAR q ⠟ # lowercase q 111 voiceless uvular plosive UCS-CHAR ɢ ⠔⠛ # small capital g 112 voiced uvular plosive UCS-CHAR ʔ ⠆ # glottal stop 113 glottal plosive UCS-CHAR m ⠍ # lowercase m 114 voiced bilabial nasal UCS-CHAR ɱ ⠖⠍ # left-tail m (at right) 115 voiced labiodental nasal UCS-CHAR n ⠝ # lowercase n 116 voiced alveolar nasal UCS-CHAR ɳ ⠲⠝ # right-tail n 117 voiced retroflex nasal UCS-CHAR ɲ ⠿ # left-tail n (at left) 118 voiced palatal nasal UCS-CHAR ŋ ⠫ # eng 119 voiced velar nasal UCS-CHAR ɴ ⠔⠝ # small capital n 120 voiced uvular nasal UCS-CHAR ʙ ⠔⠃ # small capital b 121 voiced bilabial trill UCS-CHAR r ⠗ # lowercase r 122 voiced alveolar trill UCS-CHAR ʀ ⠔⠗ # small capital r 123 voiced uvular trill # ⠖⠧ # right-hook v labiodental flap UCS-CHAR ɾ ⠖⠗ # fish-hook r 124 voiced alveolar tap UCS-CHAR ɽ ⠲⠗ # right-tail r 125 voiced retroflex flap UCS-CHAR ɸ ⠨⠋ # phi 126 voiceless bilabial fricative UCS-CHAR β ⠨⠃ # beta 127 voiced bilabial fricative UCS-CHAR f ⠋ # lowercase f 128 voiceless labiodental fricative UCS-CHAR v ⠧ # lowercase v 129 voiced labiodental fricative UCS-CHAR θ ⠨⠹ # theta 130 voiceless dental fricative UCS-CHAR ð ⠻ # edh 131 voiced dental fricative UCS-CHAR s ⠎ # lowercase s 132 voiceless alveolar fricative UCS-CHAR z ⠵ # lowercase z 133 voiced alveolar fricative UCS-CHAR ʃ ⠱ # esh 134 voiceless postalveolar fricative UCS-CHAR ʒ ⠮ # yogh 135 voiced postalveolar fricative UCS-CHAR ʂ ⠲⠎ # right-tail s (at left) 136 voiceless retroflex fricative UCS-CHAR ʐ ⠲⠵ # right-tail z 137 voiced retroflex fricative UCS-CHAR ç ⠖⠉ # c cedilla 138 voiceless palatal fricative UCS-CHAR ʝ ⠦⠚ # curly-tail j 139 voiced palatal fricative UCS-CHAR x ⠭ # lowercase x 140 voiceless velar fricative UCS-CHAR ɣ ⠨⠛ # gamma 141 voiced velar fricative UCS-CHAR χ ⠨⠯ # chi 142 voiceless uvular fricative UCS-CHAR ʁ ⠔⠼ # inverted small capital r 143 voiced uvular fricative UCS-CHAR ħ ⠖⠓ # crossed h 144 voiceless pharyngeal fricative UCS-CHAR ʕ ⠖⠆ # reversed glottal stop 145 voiced pharyngeal fricative UCS-CHAR h ⠓ # lowercase h 146 voiceless glottal fricative UCS-CHAR ɦ ⠦⠓ # hooktop h 147 voiced glottal fricative UCS-CHAR ɬ ⠦⠇ # belted l 148 voiceless alveolar lateral fricative UCS-CHAR ɮ ⠇⠐⠮ # l-yogh digraph 149 voiced alveolar lateral fricative UCS-CHAR ʋ ⠦⠧ # script v 150 voiced labiodental approximant UCS-CHAR ɹ ⠼ # turned r 151 voiced (post)alveolar approximant UCS-CHAR ɻ ⠲⠼ # turned r, right tail 152 voiced retroflex approximant UCS-CHAR j ⠚ # lowercase j 153 voiced palatal approximant UCS-CHAR ɰ ⠦⠍ # turned m, right leg 154 voiced velar approximant UCS-CHAR l ⠇ # lowercase l 155 voiced alveolar lateral approximant UCS-CHAR ɭ ⠲⠇ # right-tail l 156 voiced retroflex lateral approxiant UCS-CHAR ʎ ⠦⠽ # turned y 157 voiced palatal lateral approximant UCS-CHAR ʟ ⠔⠇ # small capital l 158 voiced velar lateral approximant UCS-CHAR ɓ ⠦⠃ # hooktop b 160 voiced bilabial implosive UCS-CHAR ɗ ⠦⠙ # hooktop d 162 voiced dental/alveolar implosive UCS-CHAR ʄ ⠦⠔⠚ # hooktop barred dotless j 164 voiced palatal implosive UCS-CHAR ɠ ⠦⠛ # hooktop g 166 voiced velar implosive UCS-CHAR ʛ ⠦⠔⠛ # hooktop small capital g 168 voiced uvular implosive UCS-CHAR ʍ ⠖⠺ # turned w 169 voiceless labial-velar fricative UCS-CHAR w ⠺ # lowercase w 170 voiced labial-velar approximant UCS-CHAR ɥ ⠲⠓ # turned h 171 voiced labial-palatal approximant UCS-CHAR ʜ ⠔⠓ # small capital h 172 voiceless epiglottal fricative UCS-CHAR ʡ ⠦⠆ # barred glottal stop 173 epiglottal plosive UCS-CHAR ʢ ⠔⠆ # barred reversed glottal stop 174 voiced epiglottal fricative UCS-CHAR ɧ ⠦⠫ # hooked eng 175 voiceless multiple-place fricative UCS-CHAR ʘ ⠯⠏ # bull's eye 176 bilabial click UCS-CHAR ǀ ⠯⠹ # pipe 177 dental click UCS-CHAR ǃ ⠯⠞ # exclamation point 178 (post-)alveolar click UCS-CHAR ǂ ⠯⠱ # double-barred pipe 179 palatoalveolar click UCS-CHAR ǁ ⠯⠇ # double pipe 180 alveolar lateral click UCS-CHAR ɺ ⠦⠼ # turned long-leg r 181 voiced alveolar lateral flap UCS-CHAR ɕ ⠦⠉ # curly-tail c 182 voiceless alveolopalatal fricative UCS-CHAR ʑ ⠦⠵ # curly-tail z 183 voiced alveolopalatal fricative UCS-CHAR ɫ ⠖⠇ # lowercase l with tilde 209 velarized voiced alveolar lateral UCS-CHAR ʣ ⠙⠐⠵ # d-z digraph voiced alveolar affricate UCS-CHAR ʤ ⠙⠐⠮ # d-yogh digraph voiced postalveolar affricate UCS-CHAR ʥ ⠙⠐⠦⠵ # d-curly-tail-z digraph voiced alveolopalatal affricate UCS-CHAR ʦ ⠞⠐⠎ # t-s digraph voiceless alveolar affricate UCS-CHAR ʧ ⠞⠐⠱ # t-esh digraph voiceless postalveolar affricate UCS-CHAR ʨ ⠞⠐⠦⠉ # t-curly-tail-c digraph voiceless alveolopalatal affricate # Voyels UCS-CHAR i ⠊ # lowercase i 301 close front unrounded vowel UCS-CHAR e ⠑ # lowercase e 302 close-mid front unrounded vowel UCS-CHAR ɛ ⠜ # epsilon 303 open-mid front unrounded vowel UCS-CHAR a ⠁ # lowercase a 304 open front unrounded vowel UCS-CHAR ɑ ⠡ # script a 305 open back unrounded vowel UCS-CHAR ɔ ⠣ # open o 306 open-mid back rounded vowel UCS-CHAR o ⠕ # lowercase o 307 close-mid back rounded vowel UCS-CHAR u ⠥ # lowercase u 308 close back rounded vowel UCS-CHAR y ⠽ # lowercase y 309 close front rounded vowel UCS-CHAR ø ⠳ # slashed o 310 close-mid front rounded vowel UCS-CHAR œ ⠪ # o-e digraph 311 open-mid front rounded vowel UCS-CHAR ɶ ⠔⠪ # small capital o-e digraph 312 open front rounded vowel UCS-CHAR ɒ ⠖⠡ # turned script a 313 open back rounded vowel UCS-CHAR ʌ ⠬ # turned v (caret) 314 open-mid back unrounded vowel UCS-CHAR ɤ ⠖⠕ # ram's horns 315 close-mid back unrounded vowel UCS-CHAR ɯ ⠖⠥ # turned m 316 close back unrounded vowel UCS-CHAR ɨ ⠴⠊ # barred i 317 close central unrounded vowel UCS-CHAR ʉ ⠴⠥ # barred u 318 close central rounded vowel UCS-CHAR ɪ ⠌ # small capital i 319 near-close front unrounded vowel UCS-CHAR ʏ ⠔⠽ # small capital y 320 near-close front rounded vowel UCS-CHAR ʊ ⠷ # upsilon 321 near-close back rounded vowel UCS-CHAR ə ⠢ # schwa 322 mid central unrounded vowel UCS-CHAR ɵ ⠴⠕ # barred o 323 close-mid central rounded vowel UCS-CHAR ɐ ⠖⠁ # turned a 324 near-open central unrounded vowel UCS-CHAR æ ⠩ # ash 325 near-open front unrounded vowel UCS-CHAR ɜ ⠖⠜ # reversed epsilon 326 open-mid central unrounded vowel UCS-CHAR ɚ ⠢⠐⠗ # schwa with hook 327 rhotacized schwa UCS-CHAR ɞ ⠦⠜ # closed reversed epsilon 395 open-mid central rounded vowel UCS-CHAR ɘ ⠖⠑ # reversed e 397 open-mid central unrounded vowel UCS-CHAR ʼ ⠐⠄ # apostrophe 401 ejective UCS-CHAR ̥ ⠠⠫ # ring below 402 voiceless UCS-CHAR ̊ ⠈⠫ # ring above 402 voiceless UCS-CHAR ̬ ⠠⠦ # wedge below 403 voiced UCS-CHAR ʰ ⠈⠓ # superscript h 404 aspirated UCS-CHAR ̤ ⠠⠒ # umlaut below 405 breathy voiced UCS-CHAR ̰ ⠠⠻ # tilde below 406 creaky voiced UCS-CHAR ̼ ⠠⠯ # seagull below 407 linguolabial UCS-CHAR ̪ ⠠⠹ # bridge below 408 dental UCS-CHAR ̺ ⠠⠖⠹ # inverted bridge below 409 apical UCS-CHAR ̻ ⠠⠶ # square below 410 laminal UCS-CHAR ̹ ⠠⠕ # right half-ring below 411 more rounded UCS-CHAR ̜ ⠠⠪ # left half-ring below 412 less rounded UCS-CHAR ̟ ⠠⠬ # plus below 413 advanced UCS-CHAR ̠ ⠠⠤ # minus below 414 retracted UCS-CHAR ̈ ⠈⠒ # umlaut above 415 centralized UCS-CHAR ̽ ⠈⠭ # over-cross above 416 mid-centralized UCS-CHAR ̘ ⠠⠱ # advancing sign below 417 advanced tongue root UCS-CHAR ̙ ⠠⠎ # retracting sign below 418 retracted tongue root UCS-CHAR ˞ ⠐⠗ # right hook 419 rhotacized UCS-CHAR ʷ ⠈⠺ # superscript w 420 labialized UCS-CHAR ʲ ⠈⠚ # superscript j 421 palatalized UCS-CHAR ˠ ⠈⠨⠛ # superscript gamma 422 velarized UCS-CHAR ˤ ⠈⠖⠆ # superscript reversed glottal stop 423 pharyngealized UCS-CHAR ̃ ⠈⠻ # tiled above 424 nasalized UCS-CHAR ⁿ ⠈⠝ # superscript n 425 nasal release UCS-CHAR ˡ ⠈⠇ # superscript l 426 lateral release UCS-CHAR ̚ ⠈⠙ # corner above 427 no audible release UCS-CHAR ̴ ⠐⠻ # superimposed tilde 428 velarized or pharyngealized UCS-CHAR ̝ ⠠⠜ # raising sign below 429 raised UCS-CHAR ̞ ⠠⠣ # lowering sign below 430 lowered UCS-CHAR ̩ ⠠⠆ # vertical line below 431 syllabic UCS-CHAR ̯ ⠠⠾ # arch below 432 non-syllabic UCS-CHAR ͡ ⠐ # top tie bar 433 double articulation UCS-CHAR , ⠂ # comma 491 (punctuation) UCS-CHAR ˈ ⠸⠃ # vertical stroke (superior) 501 (primary) stress mark UCS-CHAR ˌ ⠸⠆ # vertical stroke (inferior) 502 secondary stress mark UCS-CHAR ː ⠒ # length mark 503 length mark UCS-CHAR ˑ ⠐⠂ # half-length mark 504 half-length UCS-CHAR ̆ ⠈⠷ # breve above 505 extra-short UCS-CHAR . ⠄ # period 506 syllable break UCS-CHAR | ⠸⠳ # vertical line 507 minor (foot) group UCS-CHAR ‖ ⠸⠿ # double vertical line 508 major (intonation) group UCS-CHAR ‿ ⠸⠇ # bottom tie bar 509 linking (absence of a break) UCS-CHAR ↗ ⠸⠙ # upward diagonal arrow 510 global rise UCS-CHAR ↘ ⠸⠴ # downward diagonal arrow 511 global fall UCS-CHAR ̋ ⠈⠠⠌ # double acute accent above 512 extra high tone UCS-CHAR ́ ⠈⠌ # acute accent above 513 high tone UCS-CHAR ̄ ⠈⠉ # macron above 514 mid tone UCS-CHAR ̀ ⠈⠡ # grave accent above 515 low tone UCS-CHAR ̏ ⠈⠠⠡ # double grave accent above 516 extra low tone UCS-CHAR ↓ ⠸⠮ # down arrow 517 downstep UCS-CHAR ↑ ⠸⠫ # up arrow 518 upstep UCS-CHAR ˥ ⠸⠈⠉ # extra-high tone bar (55) 519 extra hight tone UCS-CHAR ˦ ⠸⠉ # high tone bar (44) 520 hight tone UCS-CHAR ˧ ⠸⠒ # mid tone bar (33) 521 mid tone UCS-CHAR ˨ ⠸⠤ # low tone bar (22) 522 low tone UCS-CHAR ˩ ⠸⠠⠤ # extra-low tone bar (11) 523 extra low tone UCS-CHAR ̌ ⠈⠦ # wedge above 524 rising tone # ⠸⠌ # rising tone bar (15) rising tone UCS-CHAR ̂ ⠈⠩ # circumflex above 525 falling tone # ⠸⠡ # falling tone bar (15) falling tone UCS-CHAR  ⠈⠊ # macro-acute above 526 high-rising tone # ⠸⠊ # high-rising tone bar (35) high-rising tone UCS-CHAR  ⠈⠔ # grave-macro above 527 low-rising tone # ⠸⠔ # low-rising tone bar (13) low-rising tone UCS-CHAR  ⠈⠲ # grave-acute-grave above 528 rising-falling tone # also used for switch into/out into/out of phonetic code. UCS-CHAR [ ⠘⠷ # left square bracket 901 opening phonetic brackets UCS-CHAR ] ⠘⠾ # right square bracket 902 closing phonetic brackets UCS-CHAR / ⠘⠌ # slash phonemic enclosure UCS-CHAR → ⠸⠕ # rightward arrow becomes (is realized as) UCS-CHAR - ⠤ # hyphen (dash) (punctuation) # ⠰ # The following symbol is non-IPA and should be read in accordance with the primary braille code of the document # ⠰⠰ # The following passage is non-IPA and should be read in accordance with the primary braille code of the document # ⠰⠆ # Terminates a passage of non-IPA texte (opened by ⠰⠰); return to IPA code